SpaceX IPO filing says only Class B shareholders can remove Elon Musk, giving founder unique control over CEO and board roles

Only Elon Musk can fire Elon Musk from SpaceX, filing shows

SpaceX IPO filing says Elon Musk can only be removed as CEO and chairman by Class B shareholders he controls, giving him veto power and limiting investor influence.

By Reuters

SpaceX is telling investors that no one can fire Elon Musk from his role as chief executive and chairman of the board without the billionaire founder's consent, according to an excerpt of its IPO filing reviewed by Reuters.

The filing states that Musk "can only be removed from our board or these positions by the vote of Class B holders" - super-voting shares with ten votes apiece that he will control after the IPO, making his removal effectively a self-vote.

If he "retains a significant portion of his holdings of Class B common stock for an extended period of time, he ⁠could continue to control the election and removal of a majority of our board."

The provision sits on top of a dual-class framework SpaceX plans to adopt at its IPO, a common setup among founder-led tech companies going public that gives founders and early investors greater control relative to public shareholders.

Also Read | Elon Musk testifies Sam Altman was not 'honest' about OpenAI's nonprofit mission

But even in those structures, boards typically retain formal authority to remove a CEO, even if founders can steer outcomes through voting power.

The full impact of the provision would depend on details in SpaceX's founding legal documents, corporate governance experts said.

Taken together, the provisions would give Musk an effective veto over any attempt to remove him, a level of control experts say goes beyond the norm by tying removal directly to his own voting power. SpaceX warned prospective investors that the structure "will limit or preclude your ability ⁠to influence corporate matters and the election of our directors."

"This provision is not common. Usually, removal of the CEO is a decision left to the board, and controllers rely on their power to replace the board," said Lucian Bebchuk, a Harvard Law School professor whose research focuses on corporate governance, law and finance.

SpaceX and Musk didn't respond to requests for comment.

Also Read | SpaceX ties Elon Musk compensation to Mars colonisation goal

Dual-class share structures have become a standard feature of founder-led technology companies going ⁠public in recent years. Facebook, which went public in 2012, gave super-voting shares to pre-IPO holders, including Mark Zuckerberg, though voting power later concentrated as early investors sold down their stakes. More recent listings, including Figma, have concentrated super-voting shares more directly in founders after an IPO.

SpaceX will be split into ⁠Class A common stock for public investors and Class B super-voting shares for insiders. Musk will hold a majority of the voting power, tying board control and executive authority directly to shares he controls, Reuters previously reported.

The arrangement represents a departure from Tesla, which ⁠has a single share class.

SpaceX is incorporated in Texas, following Tesla, which Musk shifted there after a Delaware court voided his $56 billion pay package for running the automaker. The compensation package was reinstated by the Delaware Supreme Court late last year.